Ku bwato, buri buryo bufite intego imwe - umutekano.valve yo kugenzura aho umwuka uva mu kigegaSi uko bimeze. Bishobora kugaragara nk'ibito, ariko bigira uruhare runini mu gukumira ibigega bya lisansi, ballast, n'amazi kwangirika cyane cyangwa kwangirika kw'ibikoresho bivamo umwuka.
Ariko kimwe n'ibindi bikoresho byose byo mu mazi, izi valve zikenera igenzura n'igeragezwa buri gihe kugira ngo zikore neza. Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzasobanurauburyo bwo gupima valve yo kugenzura imiyoboro y'amazi mu kigega, impamvu ibizamini ari ingenzi, n'icyo ukwiye kwitondera — mu buryo bwumvikana kandi bufatika.
Gusobanukirwa Valve yo Gusuzuma Umwobo w'Itanki
A valve yo kugenzura aho umwuka uva mu kigegaIshyirwa ku mpera y'umuyoboro w'amazi usohora umwuka, akenshi ifite agakoresho gafata umuriro cyangwa umutwe w'amazi asohora umwuka. Akazi kayo ni kabiri:
-
Gusohora umuvuduko ukabije w'umwuka— iyo igitutu cy’ikigega cy’amazi kizamutse, valve irakinguka kugira ngo ikure umwuka cyangwa umwuka.
-
Kurinda gusubira inyuma kw'amazi cyangwa kwinjira kw'amazi yo mu nyanja— iyo igitutu cyo hanze (nk'imiraba cyangwa imvura) cyinjiriyemo, valve ihita ifunga.
Ubwoko bwinshi bw'amazi bukozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu muringa, mu cyuma kitagira umugese, cyangwa muri aluminiyumu, kandi bukubiyemo disiki cyangwa imipira yo mu nda igenda neza bitewe n'icyerekezo cy'umuvuduko.Isuzuma rituma ibyo bice byimuka bikora neza kandi ko valve ifunga neza iyo ifunze.
Impamvu gupima buri gihe ari ingenzi
Uko igihe kigenda gihita, uturindantoki two kugenzura imiyoboro y'amazi y'umunyu duhura n'ingufu, kwangirika kw'imashini, no kwiyongera kw'utubuye tw'umunyu cyangwa ibisigazwa by'amavuta. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuntu yumva ibintu bishya cyangwa bifunga.Iyo valve inaniwe gufungura, umuvuduko ushobora kwiyongera - bishobora gutuma ikigega gihinduka. Iyo inaniwe gufunga, amazi yo mu nyanja cyangwa imvura bishobora kwinjira, bigahumanya ibidukikije bibitswe.
Niyo mpamvu amategeko agenga iby’inyanja (nk’amashyirahamwe y’ubwishingizi bw’ikirere n’ay’abantu nka DNV, LR, ABS) asaba ko habaho isuzuma n’isukura buri gihe. Isuzuma rikwiye rigaragaza:
-
①Valve ifunguka iyo umuvuduko ukwiye ushyizwemo.
-
②Uburyo bwo gufunga bukora neza.
-
③Ipfundo riguma rikomeye iyo umugongo urimo gukanda.
Intambwe ku yindi: Uburyo bwo gupima valve yo kugenzura imiyoboro y'amazi mu ruganda
1. Kwitegura no kwirinda mbere ya byose
-
①Ikigega cyakuwemo kandi cyagabanutse.
-
②Hashyizweho impushya zikwiye n'ingamba z'umutekano.
-
③Imiyoboro yose irasohoka kandi nta mwuka ushyuha uhari.
Sukura inyuma ya valve, ukureho umwanda cyangwa umunyu wose. Hanyuma ukure valve ku murongo w'imyobo kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu gihe cyo kuyipima.
2. Igenzura ry'amaso
-
①Guturika cyangwa gucika kw'ingufu ku gice cy'ingufu.
-
②Imyanya, ibibyimba, cyangwa guhinduka kw'inyuma.
-
③Iziba ry'umunyu, irangi, cyangwa amavuta.
-
④Gutembera neza kw'ibice by'imbere (disiki, umupira, imashini).
Niba imikorere y'imbere yumva ifata cyangwa ifunze, isukure neza ukoresheje isabune yoroheje cyangwa isuku ya ultrasound. Simbuza ibifunga cyangwa amasoko yangiritse.
3. Ikizamini cyo gusohoka kw'amazi (Ikizamini cyo gufunga intebe)
-
①Huza aho amashanyarazi asohokera n'aho umwuka uturuka hafite umuvuduko muto (0.5–1 bar).
-
② Shyira umuvuduko w'umwuka mu cyerekezo gishya (kwigana umuvuduko usubira inyuma).
-
③ Koresha umuti w'isabune cyangwa igipimo cy'umuvuduko kugira ngo umenye niba hari amazi yamenetse.
Valve ikora neza igomba kuguma ifunze neza. Iyo hari ukugabanuka k'umuvuduko cyangwa kugabanuka k'umuvuduko bigaragaza ko hari ukuva — bivuze ko intebe yo gufunga cyangwa impeta ya O-ring igomba gusimburwa.
4. Ikizamini cyo gufungura umuvuduko
Noneho ni igihe cyo kwemeza ko igitutu cyacitse (igitutu aho valve itangira gufunguka).
-
Shyira valve ku ntebe yo gupimishamo, aho umuyaga ujya uhujwe n'isoko ry'umwuka rishobora guhindurwa n'aho usohoka ufunguye mu kirere.
-
Ongera umuvuduko w'umwuka buhoro buhoro mu gihe ureba valve.
-
Andika neza umuvuduko aho disiki cyangwa umupira bizamukira.
Gereranya igipimo n'igitutu cyagenwe n'uruganda — ubusanzwe kiri hagati ya 0.1 na 0.3 bar kuri vali zo mu mazi.Iyo ifunguye kare cyane, amasoko y'imbere ashobora gucika intege. Iyo ifunguye bitinze, valve ishobora kuba yanduye cyangwa yangiritse.
5. Ikizamini cyo kongera kwicara (gusoza)
①Umaze gufungura, gabanya umuvuduko w'ikizamini buhoro buhoro. Reba igihe valve yongera kwicara no gufunga burundu.
②Aya manota azwi nka resuscitation pressure. Agomba kuba ari munsi gato y'igitutu cyo gufungura — bigatuma imikorere igenda neza nta guhindagurika cyangwa gusohoka kw'amazi.
③Iyo valve "ivuga" (inyeganyega hagati y'ahantu hafunguye n'ahafunze), icyo ni ikimenyetso cy'uko hari umuvuduko utari mwiza mu mpeshyi cyangwa ko hari ubusakare bukabije.
6. Ikizamini cy'imikorere y'umuvuduko w'amazi (Ni ngombwa ariko ni ngombwa)
-
①Huza valve kuri flowmeter hanyuma wigane imiterere nyayo y'aho umwuka uva.
-
②Itegereze umuvuduko w'amazi ava mu kirere, urusaku, n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere.
Umucyo uhoraho n'imikorere ihamye bigaragaza ko valve ikora neza mu gihe ikora.
Kubungabunga Nyuma yo Gupima
-
①Sukura kandi wumishe valve.
-
②Siga amavuta ku bice byimuka (niba bishoboka).
-
③Simbuza gaskets, intebe, cyangwa impeta za O-rings zashaje.
-
④Ongera ushyireho valve ukoresheje ibifunga bishya na gasket.
Ongera urebe neza aho amazi aherereye nyuma yo kuyashyiraho. Umuyoboro w'amazi ugomba kumanuka gato kugira ngo amazi adaterana, kandi valve igomba kureba hejuru kugira ngo ikore neza.
Kwandika no kwemeza
-
①Itariki y'ikizamini
-
②Nomero y'uruhererekane rw'ingufu
-
③Gufungura no kongera gushyiramo imbaraga
-
④Hagaragaye amazi asohoka cyangwa ibidasanzwe
-
⑤ Izina ry'umutekinisiye n'umukono wemeza
Izi nyandiko zikunze gusuzumwa n'amashyirahamwe ashinzwe gushyira mu byiciro ibidukikije mu gihe cy'igenzura. Kubika inyandiko neza bireba ko bikurikiza amategeko kandi ko bikurikirana neza.
Amakosa asanzwe yo gupima agomba kwirindwa
-
①Gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi cyane wo gupima— bishobora kwangiza imitako cyangwa bigahindura ibice by'imbere.
-
②Kureka isuku— imyanda iri imbere muri valve ishobora gutera ibisubizo by'ibizamini bitari byo.
-
③Kwirengagiza icyerekezo cy'impeshyi— Guhindura uburyo bwo gushyiraho ibintu mu buryo bwa "reversed installation" bihinduka.
-
④Kutagenzura ibikoresho bifunga inkongi z'umuriro— ecran zifunze zigabanya ubushobozi bwo gusohora umwuka.
Buri gihe kurikiza amabwiriza y'uruganda rwa valve hamwe n'ibisabwa na sosiyete y'ishuri mu gihe cyo gupima (ubusanzwe buri mezi 12 kugeza kuri 24).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-28-2025