Uburyo bwo gutsindwa n'ingaruka ni inzira yo gusuzuma ibice byinshi bishoboka, amashami, na sisitemu ntoya kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bwo gutsindwa bushobora kubaho muri sisitemu n'impamvu zabyo n'ingaruka zabyo. Ni igikoresho cyiza cyo gusesengura gutsindwa, kuko bifasha gukumira gutsindwa cyangwa kugabanya ingaruka zabyo. Byongeye kandi, bishobora kunoza ireme, ukwizerwa, n'umutekano wa sisitemu cyangwa ibicuruzwa. Ibi bishobora gutuma abakiriya banyurwa kandi bakaba indahemuka, ndetse bikagabanya ikiguzi n'ingaruka zijyanye no gutsindwa. FMEA muri rusange ikubiyemo intambwe eshanu zikurikira:
Intambwe ya 1: Baza igice cy'ubucuruzi gifite ikibazo?
Intambwe ya 2: Hindura itsinda rishobora gukorana.
Intambwe ya 3: Erekana kandi usobanure intambwe zose.
Intambwe ya 4: Kumenya uburyo bwo gutsindwa.
Intambwe ya 5: Shyira imbere ushingiye kuri RPN.
Birumvikana ko dushobora no gukoresha uburyo bwa FEMA mu igenzura ry’ubuziranenge bwavalve zo mu mazi.
Intambwe ya 1: Kumenya uburyo bushoboka bwo gutsindwa
Andika inzira zose zishobokavalve zo mu mazibishobora kwangirika (urugero: gusohora amazi, ingese, kwangirika kw'imashini).
Intambwe ya 2: Sesengura Impamvu n'Ingaruka
Tekereza ku byiciro bitandukanye: igishushanyo mbonera, umusaruro, n'imikorere. Menya impamvu nyamukuru za buri buryo bwo gutsindwa. Suzuma ingaruka zishobora guterwa na buri gutsindwa ku buryo, umutekano, n'imikorere.
Intambwe ya 3: Kubara imibare y'ibyago byihutirwa (RPN)
Suzuma uburemere (S), uko ibintu byagenze (O), n'uko ibintu bigaragara (D) bya buri buryo bwo gutsindwa. Shyira amanota ku buremere, uko ibintu byagenze, n'uko ibintu bigaragara.
Kubara RPN kuri buri buryo bwo gutsindwa: RPN = S × O × D.
Intambwe ya 4: Tegura ingamba zo kugabanya ingaruka
Shyira imbere uburyo bwo gutsindwa hashingiwe ku mikorere ya RPN. Banza wibande ku bintu bifite RPN nyinshi. Shyira mu bikorwa ibikorwa byo gukosora nko guhindura imiterere, kuvugurura ibikoresho, no kunoza ibizamini. Tegura ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura ubuziranenge.
Intambwe ya 5: Gushyira mu bikorwa no gukurikirana
Shyira ibikorwa byo gukosora mu gikorwa cyo gukora. Gukurikirana buri gihe imikorere ya valve n'imikorere y'ibikorwa byo kugabanya ingaruka.
Intambwe ya 6: Isuzuma n'Ivugurura
Vugurura buri gihe FMEA ukoresheje amakuru mashya n'ibitekerezo bishya. Kora isuzuma rya buri gihe kugira ngo FMEA ikomeze kuba igezweho. Kora impinduka ushingiye ku bitekerezo, ikoranabuhanga rishya, n'inzira zinoze.
Mu gukemura mu buryo bunoze uburyo bwo gutsindwa, FMEA ifashaabatanga valve zo mu mazinaabakora valve zo mu mazikongera ireme n'ubwizerwe bw'ibicuruzwa byabo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-02-2024