Akamaro ko kubungabunga umutwe w'imyobo yo mu kigega n'ibikoresho bifitanye isano no gufunga ku kirahuri

Umutwe w'Umwobo w'Ikigegakandi ibikoresho bifunga ubwato bishobora kugaragara nk'aho byoroshye ku bwato, ariko bigira uruhare runini mu mutekano w'ubwato, gutuza no kubahiriza amategeko. Kwirengagiza kubungabunga ubwato bishobora gutera amazi kwinjira, kwangirika kw'imizigo, kwangirika kw'imikorere y'imbere mu bwato, ndetse no kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mutekano. Ku ba nyir'ubwato, abakoresha, n'abahanga mu by'amazi, kubungabunga neza ibi bice si amahitamo—ni ngombwa.

Impamvu imiyoboro y'umwuka ari ingenzi ku bwato

• ①Imyobo yo gushyiramo umwuka, ibigega bya peteroli, ibigega by'amazi meza, n'ahantu hatagira ikintu na kimwe gikoreshwa

• ②Kunganisha igitutu cy'imbere n'inyuma mu gihe cyo kuzuza no gusukura

• ③Kurinda kwangirika kw'inyubako guterwa n'umwuka uva cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi

Mu mikorere isanzwe, imiyoboro y'umwuka yemerera ibigega "guhumeka." Ariko, ku kirahuri, bihora bihura n'amazi yo mu nyanja, imyuka itera, ikirere, ingese, ndetse n'ingaruka za mekanike, bigatuma biba ahantu horoshye niba bitarakingiwe neza.

Uruhare rw'ibikoresho byo gufunga imiyoboro y'umwuka yo mu igorofa

• ①Kurinda amazi yo mu nyanja kwinjira mu bigega mu gihe cy'inyanja nyinshi

• ②Kurinda sisitemu z'imbere kwanduzwa

• ③Gukomeza kumera neza no guhagarara neza mu bihe bikomeye cyane

Iyo ibyo bikoresho byangiritse, amazi yo mu nyanja ashobora kwinjira mu bigega bucece, bigatera ibyago byihishe bishobora kugaragara gusa iyo ibyangiritse byamaze kubaho.

Ingaruka z'ingenzi zo kudakoresha neza ibikoresho

1. Kwinjira mu mazi no kwanduza ikigega

Imiyoboro y'amazi yafunzwe cyangwa yangiritse ishobora gutuma amazi yo mu nyanja yinjira mu bigega bya lisansi cyangwa bya ballast, bigatera:Kwanduza lisansi,Kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ballast,Kwiyongera kwa corruption imbere mu bigega

2. Imiterere y'Inyubako n'Ihindagurika ry'Imiterere

Niba imiyoboro y'umwuka ifunze:Ibigega bishobora kugira umwuka udafite umwuka cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije,Inkuta z'ibigega n'iz'ibigega bishobora kwangirika,Umunaniro w'igihe kirekire ushobora kubaho

3. Kwangirika no Kwambara mu buryo bwihuse

Imitwe y'imiyoboro y'umwuka yangiritse cyangwa uburyo bwo kuyifunga:Kubura ubushobozi bwo gufunga,Bikagorana cyangwa ntibishoboka gukora,Gutsindwa mu buryo butunguranye mu gihe cy'ikirere kibi

4. Kutubahiriza ibisabwa mu cyiciro no muri SOLAS

Amashyirahamwe yo gushyira mu byiciro n'amabwiriza ya SOLAS asaba:imiyoboro y'umwuka igomba kuba imeze neza,Gufunga ibikoresho kugira ngo bikore neza,Igenzura n'isuzuma rihoraho.Kutabungabunga neza bishobora gutuma habaho gufungwa, ubusembwa, cyangwa igenzura rigatsindwa.

Ibibazo Bisanzwe byo Gusana byabonetse ku Kibuga

• ①Imitwe y'imiyoboro y'umwuka yangiritse

• ②Imashini zirekura amazi zafatiriwe cyangwa zafashwe

• ③Ibyuma by'umuriro byafunzwe cyangwa imiyoboro

• ④Ibikoresho byo gufunga byangiritse bitewe n'ingaruka

• ⑤Irangi ryiyongera ribuza urujya n'uruza rw'amabara

Ibi bibazo akenshi bikura buhoro buhoro kandi biroroshye kwirengagiza hatabayeho igenzura risanzwe.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga imiyoboro y'umwuka n'ibikoresho byo gufunga

Igenzura rihoraho ry'amaso

• ①Suzuma niba hari ingese, imiturire, cyangwa ubwihindurize

• ②Menya neza ko ibipfukisho birinda umubiri byose

• ③Shakisha ibimenyetso by'uko amazi yinjira hafi y'aho ibigega bifunguye

Isuzumabumenyi ry'imikorere

• ①Emeza uburyo bwo kureremba bugenda neza

• ②Menya neza ko ibikoresho bifunga byikora neza

• ③Gerageza imikorere ya valve y'umuyaga aho bikenewe

Isuku n'Uburinzi ku Nkongi

• ①Kuraho imyanda n'umunyu byakuwemo

• ②Sukura ibikoresho by'umuriro n'imiyoboro y'imyobo

• ③Ongera ushyireho irangi ririnda ingese cyangwa irangi ririnda ingese

Guhindura no gusimbuza byari biteganyijwe

• ①Simbuza ibipfuko byashaje, ibireremba, cyangwa amasoko

• ②Iyongeraho ibikoresho birwanya ingese (umuringa, icyuma kidashonga, aluminiyumu)

• ③Simbuza imiterere ishaje n'imitwe y'imyobo yemewe n'urwego

Impamvu kubungabunga mu buryo bwo kwirinda bigabanya amafaranga

• ①Bigabanya ibyago byo gusana byihutirwa

• ②Irinda igihombo cy'imizigo n'amavuta

• ③Yongera igihe cyo gukora ibigega n'imiyoboro y'amazi

• ④Inoza umutekano w'ubwato n'imikorere yabwo

Mu buryo bunyuranye, gusana ibyangiritse biterwa no kwinjira kw'amazi cyangwa ingese akenshi birahenze cyane kandi bifata igihe kinini.