Kuki Amato Afite Indangagaciro Zinyanja

Ibibaya byo mu nyanja ni ibintu by'ingenzi mu bikorwa remezo by'ubwato, bigenewe gucunga neza amazi yo mu nyanja yinjira muri sisitemu zitandukanye. Inshingano zabo zibanze zituma imikorere yubwato ikora neza kandi neza. Hasi, turasesengura impamvu zituma amato afite ibikoresho byo mu nyanja ninshingano zingenzi bafite.

1. Gufata Amazi ya Sisitemu Yingenzi

Amato yishingikiriza kumazi yinyanja kuri sisitemu nyinshi zo mu bwato, harimo moteri ikonjesha, sisitemu ya ballast, hamwe n’ibikoresho byo kuzimya umuriro. Ibibaya byo mu nyanja bigenga iyinjizwa ry’amazi yo mu nyanja muri ubwo buryo, bigatuma igenzurwa kandi neza. Urugero:

• Sisitemu yo gukonjesha: moteri nizindi mashini zisaba amazi yinyanja kugirango agabanye ubushyuhe kandi agumane ubushyuhe bukora neza.
• Sisitemu ya Ballast: Amazi yo mu nyanja ashyirwa mu bigega bya ballast binyuze mu mwobo wo mu nyanja kugira ngo bigumane umutekano mu bihe bitandukanye byo gupakira.
• Sisitemu yo kuzimya umuriro: Amapompo menshi yo mu nyanja akuramo amazi mu nyanja, kandi indanga zo mu nyanja zigenzura iki gikorwa.

2. Gusohora hejuru y’amazi y’amazi n’amazi

Imyanda yo mu nyanja ituma amazi y’amazi yatunganijwe neza, amazi ya bilge, cyangwa amazi arenze hejuru. Bafite ibikoresho byo kubahiriza byimazeyo amabwiriza y’ibidukikije, bemeza ko umwanda ucungwa neza. Ingero zirimo:

• Sisitemu ya Bilge: Amazi arenze urugero yegeranya mu bwato bwa pompe ajugunywa hejuru binyuze muri sisitemu zo gusohora ziyobowe n’amazi yo mu nyanja.
• Amazi akonje: Nyuma yo kuzenguruka muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha, amazi yo mu nyanja yirukanwa mu nyanja.

3. Uburyo bwihutirwa n’umutekano

Ibibaya byo mu nyanja nibyingenzi muburyo bwumutekano wubwato, cyane cyane mubihe byihutirwa. Bashoboza kwigunga byihuse cyangwa kuyobora amazi atemba, kugabanya ibyangiritse.

• Kwirinda Umwuzure: Mugihe habaye kwangirika kwinshi, indiba zimwe zo mu nyanja zirashobora gutandukanya ibice byangiritse, bikarinda umwuzure.
• Umuhengeri: Umuyoboro wihariye winyanja, nkibibaya byumuyaga, birinda gutemba no kwinjira mumazi mugihe cyinyanja itoroshye.

4. Kurwanya ruswa no kwizerwa mubidukikije bikaze

Bitewe nuko bahura n’amazi yumunyu nibihe bikabije, indangagaciro za narine zikorwa mubikoresho birwanya ruswa nka bronze, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, cyangwa amavuta yihariye. Igishushanyo cyabo cyizeza igihe kirekire, kugabanya ibikenerwa byo kubungabunga no kongera igihe cya sisitemu yubwato.

5. Kubungabunga ibidukikije no kugenzura

Ibibaya bigezweho byo mu nyanja byashizweho kugirango byubahirize amabwiriza mpuzamahanga yo mu nyanja, harimo amasezerano ya MARPOL na Ballast. Aya mabwiriza ateganya gukumira umwanda no gufata neza amazi ya ballast kugirango hagabanuke ingaruka z’ibidukikije.